The Sunlands Co.

TECHNOLOGY ECONOMICS

Independent cost estimates demonstrate clear competitive advantage compared with Li-ion and pumped hydro for 4, 8 and 12 hour storage durations.
    Medium Duration - 4 Hours Storage

    Suited to mid-sized to large scale systems. Capable of quick scaling through simple addition of TES cells. Applications include variable supply integration, demand shifting and network management.
    Li-ion Sunlands Co. TES
    Storage Duration (hrs) 4 4
    Discharge duration per cycle (hrs) 4 4
    Capital Cost ($m) 403 300
    30yr Capex ($m/MWh) 0.73 0.3
    30 Yr LCOS ($/MWh) 231 136
    Long Duration - 8 Hours Storage

    Generally suited to systems of mid size or larger. Capable of forming the backbone of district or municipal networks and easily scaled. Applications include storage of distributed generation exports, variable supply integration, demand shifting and network management.
    Li-ion Pumped Hydro Sunlands Co. TES
      Mt Kidston CSIRO
    Storage Duration (hrs) 8 8 8 8
    Discharge duration per cycle (hrs) 8 8 8 8
    Capital Cost ($m) 708 840 606 350
    30yr Capex ($m/MWh) 0.64 0.45 0.30 0.17
    30 Yr LCOS ($/MWh) 202 159 122 103
    Very Long Duration - 12 Hours Storage

    Best suited to large utility scale systems. Capable of servicing all requirements of grid networks. A low-cost large-scale modular solution that delivers bulk power management services such as load shifting, reduction of renewables curtailment and compensates for periods of non-production.
    Pumped Hydro Sunlands Co. TES
    Storage Duration (hrs) 12 12
    Discharge duration per cycle (hrs) 12 12
    Capital Cost ($m) 663 400
    30yr Capex ($m/MWh) 0.22 0.13
    30 Yr LCOS ($/MWh) 101 92

    SOURCE OF DATA AND CALCULATIONS
    All calculations are expressed in 2021 A$ and based on 250MW generation capacity.
    The Li-ion and Pumped Hydro figures have been sourced from Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation’s 2021 GenCost Reports (Final and Consultation Draft).
    The source of the figures for the Mt Kidston Pumped Hydro project is Genex Power Ltd’s Aug 2021 Financial Close Report.
    All pumped hydro figures except Mt Kidston do not include the cost of transmission and distribution infrastructure.
    Capex includes replacement of Li-ion batteries at end of 15 year assumed life with 1.4% per annum capital cost reduction curve. LCOS comparisons adopt a 30-year service period, assume a power input cost of A$30/MWh and system operation is based on single cycle discharge.

    ASSUMPTIONS Pumped Hydro Sunlands Co. TES Li-ion
    RTE 75% 54% 95%
    Cycles per annum 334 358 358
    DoD (% Nameplate) N/A 95% 75%
    End of life capacity (% Nameplate) N/A 100% <70%